Dust does not return because you cleaned badly. Fabrics, ventilation, shoes and dry air constantly add new particles. Here is how to reduce the sources instead of wiping the same shelf every day.
Where new dust comes from
Household dust is a mix of textile fibers, skin particles, outdoor dirt and fine particles entering through windows and ventilation. You cannot eliminate dust forever, but you can slow down how quickly it builds up.
Fabrics act like reservoirs
Blankets, rugs, curtains and upholstered furniture trap particles and release them again when disturbed. Washing removable textiles and using a vacuum with good filtration usually helps more than constantly wiping hard surfaces.
Vacuum before the final wet clean
If you wipe surfaces and then vacuum, some dust is thrown back into the air and settles again. A better sequence is top surfaces first, then vacuuming, and finally a damp floor clean.
Check humidity and filters
Very dry air keeps fine particles airborne longer, while dirty HVAC or air-conditioner filters can recirculate dust. Keep indoor humidity moderate and service filters according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Bottom line
Keep the solution simple: start with the most likely cause, change one factor at a time, and observe the result. That makes it much easier to identify what actually works in your situation.